پاکستانی اردو غزل میں کربلا کے استعارے: تحقیق و تجزیہ

Dr. Arif Hussain
Lecturer Boys Degree College Kharmang Skardu,
Email: [email protected]

Dr. Muhammad Sajjad
(Chairman Department of Interfaith Studies AIOU Islamabad)

Abstract
Changes, movements, preferences, and manners occurred in Urdu literature, but Ghazel is the only type of literature that remained stable and unchanged with the passage of time. However, wording, symbols, and metaphors have been changing throughout the time in Ghazel. Urdu Ghazel does not limit to joys and griefs rather it reflects psychology, politics, sociology, and contemporary changing circumstances of the society. In addition, in classical and modern ghazel religious metaphors are equally used along with the cultural and social contexts. With reference to Pakistani Urdu Ghazel, it is narrated that after the inception of Pakistan, the newborn country had to face many challenges that caused poets to use Karbala as a metaphor in order to describe their feelings and emotions in such type of difficult situations. This article is delimited to the intellectual analysis of the metaphors related to incident of Karbala used in Pakistani Ghazel.